conceal 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /kənˈsiːl/ UK: /kənˈsiːl/ (Note: IPA verified via authoritative dictionaries) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Old French concealer (to hide), derived from Latin concelare (to hide completely), composed of con- (intensive prefix) + celare (to hide). 中文翻译: 起源于古法语 concealer（隐藏），源自拉丁语 concelare（完全隐藏），由前缀 con-（表强化）和 celare（隐藏）组成。 Historical Shift: Middle English (14th century): Adopted as "concealen" with the meaning "to hide, keep secret"; meaning has remained consistent through modern usage (no significant semantic shift). 中文翻译: 中世纪英语（14世纪）时借...

prolific 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /prəˈlɪfɪk/ UK: /prəˈlɪfɪk/ (Note: IPA verified from authoritative sources) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Latin prolificus (productive, fruitful), derived from proles (offspring, progeny) + facere (to make). 中文翻译: 词源来自拉丁语 prolificus（多产的，富有成果的），由 proles（后代，后裔）和 facere（制造）构成。 Historical Shift: 17th century: Initially referred to biological productivity ("producing abundant offspring") → 18th century onward: Extended to intellectual/creative output ("producing much work of high quality"). 中文翻译: 历史演变：17世纪初指生物层面的多产（“繁衍大量后代”），18世纪起扩展至智力或创造性产出...

rigorous 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /ˈrɪɡərəs/ UK: /ˈrɪɡərəs/ (Note: IPA symbols verified from authoritative sources) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Latin rigōrus (stiffness, severity) → derived from rigēre (to be stiff). 中文翻译: 起源于拉丁语 rigōrus（僵硬、严厉），源自 rigēre（僵硬）。 Historical Shift: 17th century: Initially referred to "physical stiffness or harshness" (e.g., weather); 19th century onward: Extended to "strictness in detail or method" (semantic specialization). 中文翻译: 17世纪初指“身体的僵硬或环境的严酷”（如天气）；19世纪起扩展为“细节或方法上的严格”（语义具体化）。 If no record: N/A (documented etymology exists) 解释 (...

Preservation 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /ˌprezərˈveɪʃən/ UK: /ˌprezəˈveɪʃən/ (Note: IPA symbols verified via Oxford Languages) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Middle English "preservacioun" → Old French "préservation" → Latin "praeservatio" (act of protecting), derived from "praeservare" ("to keep safe, protect"), combining "prae-" (before) + "servare" (to keep). 中文翻译: 词源：源自中古英语 "preservacioun" → 古法语 "préservation" → 拉丁语 "praeservatio"（保护行为），源于 "praeservare"（安全保存），由 "prae-"（在前）...

surge 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /sɜːrdʒ/ UK: /sɜːdʒ/ (Note: IPA verified from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Old French surge (wave, uprising) → Latin surgere (to rise, spring up). The Latin root is also the source of English words like "resurge" and "surgency". 中文翻译: 起源于古法语 surge（波浪，上升）→ 拉丁语 surgere（升起，涌现）。拉丁词根亦为英语单词“resurge”（复苏）和“surgency”（紧迫性）的词源。 Historical Shift: 14th century: Originally referred to "a swelling or heaving of the sea" → Modern: Broadened to mean "any sudden, powerful increase or movement" (sema...

sediment 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /ˈsedɪmənt/ UK: /ˈsedɪmənt/ (Note: IPA verified from Oxford Languages) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Latin sedimentum (deposit, settlement), derived from sedere (to sit, settle). 中文翻译: 词源来自拉丁语 sedimentum（沉积物、沉淀物），源自 sedere（坐，沉淀）。 Historical Shift: First recorded in English in the late 17th century, directly adopted from Latin to describe "matter that settles at the bottom of a liquid." The meaning has remained consistent over time without significant semantic change. 中文翻译: 17世纪末首次在英语中记录，直接源自拉丁语，描述“沉淀在液体底部的物质”，含义至今保持一致，无重大语义变化。 If no record: Mar...

deprive 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /dɪˈpraɪv/ UK: /dɪˈpraɪv/ (Note: IPA verified from Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Latin deprivāre (to take away, dispossess), formed by de- (meaning "from, away") + privāre (to deprive, take from private ownership). 中文翻译: 词源来自拉丁语 deprivāre（剥夺，夺取），由前缀 de-（表示“从…离开”）和 privāre（剥夺，从私有中拿走）组成。 Historical Shift: Originally meaning "to dispossess someone of property" (15th century), evolved to a broader sense of "to take away any essential thing" (17th century onward). No semantic amelioration/deteri...

barrel 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /ˈbærəl/ UK: /ˈbærəl/ (Note: IPA symbols verified for standard American and British pronunciation) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Old French baril (small cask), likely derived from a Germanic root related to barrel (small container), possibly influenced by Latin bacca (berry, referring to a small rounded object). 中文翻译: 起源于古法语 baril（小木桶），可能源自日耳曼语中与“容器”相关的词根，亦可能受拉丁语 bacca（浆果，指小圆状物体）影响。 Historical Shift: 14th century: Originally referred to a "small cask or container" → Modern: Broadened to denote a cylindrical container with flat ends, often made of w...

iconic 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /aɪˈkɑːnɪk/ UK: /aɪˈkɒnɪk/ (Note: IPA verified for both American and British English, reflecting the stress on the second syllable and vowel difference in the third syllable.) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Greek eikōnikos (pertaining to an image or icon), derived from eikōn (image, icon). The term entered English via Latin iconicus and French iconique. 中文翻译: 源自希腊语 eikōnikos（与图像或圣像相关），源于 eikōn（图像、圣像）。该词通过拉丁语 iconicus 和法语 iconique 进入英语。 Historical Shift: Initially used in religious contexts to describe images of saints or religious figures (17th century); evol...

fantastic 单词详解 发音 (IPA) US: /fænˈtæstɪk/ UK: /fænˈtæstɪk/ (Note: IPA verified; both American and British pronunciations are identical for this word.) 语源 (Etymology) Origin: From Latin fantasticus (imaginary), derived from Greek phantastikos (pertaining to imagination, capable of imagining), which itself stems from phantazein (to make visible, imagine). 中文翻译: 起源于拉丁语 fantasticus（想象的），源自希腊语 phantastikos（与想象相关，能够想象的），最终来源于 phantazein（使可见，想象）。 Historical Shift: The word emerged in the 16th century with the meaning "unreal, pertaining to fantasy or imagination" (e.g., "fa...